class Akismet_REST_API { /** * Register the REST API routes. */ public static function init() { if ( ! function_exists( 'register_rest_route' ) ) { // The REST API wasn't integrated into core until 4.4, and we support 4.0+ (for now). return false; } register_rest_route( 'akismet/v1', '/key', array( array( 'methods' => WP_REST_Server::READABLE, 'permission_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'privileged_permission_callback' ), 'callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'get_key' ), ), array( 'methods' => WP_REST_Server::EDITABLE, 'permission_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'privileged_permission_callback' ), 'callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'set_key' ), 'args' => array( 'key' => array( 'required' => true, 'type' => 'string', 'sanitize_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'sanitize_key' ), 'description' => __( 'A 12-character Akismet API key. Available at akismet.com/account', 'akismet' ), ), ), ), array( 'methods' => WP_REST_Server::DELETABLE, 'permission_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'privileged_permission_callback' ), 'callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'delete_key' ), ), ) ); register_rest_route( 'akismet/v1', '/settings/', array( array( 'methods' => WP_REST_Server::READABLE, 'permission_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'privileged_permission_callback' ), 'callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'get_settings' ), ), array( 'methods' => WP_REST_Server::EDITABLE, 'permission_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'privileged_permission_callback' ), 'callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'set_boolean_settings' ), 'args' => array( 'akismet_strictness' => array( 'required' => false, 'type' => 'boolean', 'description' => __( 'If true, Akismet will automatically discard the worst spam automatically rather than putting it in the spam folder.', 'akismet' ), ), 'akismet_show_user_comments_approved' => array( 'required' => false, 'type' => 'boolean', 'description' => __( 'If true, show the number of approved comments beside each comment author in the comments list page.', 'akismet' ), ), ), ), ) ); register_rest_route( 'akismet/v1', '/stats', array( 'methods' => WP_REST_Server::READABLE, 'permission_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'privileged_permission_callback' ), 'callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'get_stats' ), 'args' => array( 'interval' => array( 'required' => false, 'type' => 'string', 'sanitize_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'sanitize_interval' ), 'description' => __( 'The time period for which to retrieve stats. Options: 60-days, 6-months, all', 'akismet' ), 'default' => 'all', ), ), ) ); register_rest_route( 'akismet/v1', '/stats/(?P[\w+])', array( 'args' => array( 'interval' => array( 'description' => __( 'The time period for which to retrieve stats. Options: 60-days, 6-months, all', 'akismet' ), 'type' => 'string', ), ), array( 'methods' => WP_REST_Server::READABLE, 'permission_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'privileged_permission_callback' ), 'callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'get_stats' ), ), ) ); register_rest_route( 'akismet/v1', '/alert', array( array( 'methods' => WP_REST_Server::READABLE, 'permission_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'remote_call_permission_callback' ), 'callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'get_alert' ), 'args' => array( 'key' => array( 'required' => false, 'type' => 'string', 'sanitize_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'sanitize_key' ), 'description' => __( 'A 12-character Akismet API key. Available at akismet.com/account', 'akismet' ), ), ), ), array( 'methods' => WP_REST_Server::EDITABLE, 'permission_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'remote_call_permission_callback' ), 'callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'set_alert' ), 'args' => array( 'key' => array( 'required' => false, 'type' => 'string', 'sanitize_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'sanitize_key' ), 'description' => __( 'A 12-character Akismet API key. Available at akismet.com/account', 'akismet' ), ), ), ), array( 'methods' => WP_REST_Server::DELETABLE, 'permission_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'remote_call_permission_callback' ), 'callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'delete_alert' ), 'args' => array( 'key' => array( 'required' => false, 'type' => 'string', 'sanitize_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'sanitize_key' ), 'description' => __( 'A 12-character Akismet API key. Available at akismet.com/account', 'akismet' ), ), ), ), ) ); register_rest_route( 'akismet/v1', '/webhook', array( 'methods' => WP_REST_Server::CREATABLE, 'callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'receive_webhook' ), 'permission_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'remote_call_permission_callback' ), ) ); } /** * Get the current Akismet API key. * * @param WP_REST_Request $request * @return WP_Error|WP_REST_Response */ public static function get_key( $request = null ) { return rest_ensure_response( Akismet::get_api_key() ); } /** * Set the API key, if possible. * * @param WP_REST_Request $request * @return WP_Error|WP_REST_Response */ public static function set_key( $request ) { if ( defined( 'WPCOM_API_KEY' ) ) { return rest_ensure_response( new WP_Error( 'hardcoded_key', __( 'This site\'s API key is hardcoded and cannot be changed via the API.', 'akismet' ), array( 'status' => 409 ) ) ); } $new_api_key = $request->get_param( 'key' ); if ( ! self::key_is_valid( $new_api_key ) ) { return rest_ensure_response( new WP_Error( 'invalid_key', __( 'The value provided is not a valid and registered API key.', 'akismet' ), array( 'status' => 400 ) ) ); } update_option( 'wordpress_api_key', $new_api_key ); return self::get_key(); } /** * Unset the API key, if possible. * * @param WP_REST_Request $request * @return WP_Error|WP_REST_Response */ public static function delete_key( $request ) { if ( defined( 'WPCOM_API_KEY' ) ) { return rest_ensure_response( new WP_Error( 'hardcoded_key', __( 'This site\'s API key is hardcoded and cannot be deleted.', 'akismet' ), array( 'status' => 409 ) ) ); } delete_option( 'wordpress_api_key' ); return rest_ensure_response( true ); } /** * Get the Akismet settings. * * @param WP_REST_Request $request * @return WP_Error|WP_REST_Response */ public static function get_settings( $request = null ) { return rest_ensure_response( array( 'akismet_strictness' => ( get_option( 'akismet_strictness', '1' ) === '1' ), 'akismet_show_user_comments_approved' => ( get_option( 'akismet_show_user_comments_approved', '1' ) === '1' ), ) ); } /** * Update the Akismet settings. * * @param WP_REST_Request $request * @return WP_Error|WP_REST_Response */ public static function set_boolean_settings( $request ) { foreach ( array( 'akismet_strictness', 'akismet_show_user_comments_approved', ) as $setting_key ) { $setting_value = $request->get_param( $setting_key ); if ( is_null( $setting_value ) ) { // This setting was not specified. continue; } // From 4.7+, WP core will ensure that these are always boolean // values because they are registered with 'type' => 'boolean', // but we need to do this ourselves for prior versions. $setting_value = self::parse_boolean( $setting_value ); update_option( $setting_key, $setting_value ? '1' : '0' ); } return self::get_settings(); } /** * Parse a numeric or string boolean value into a boolean. * * @param mixed $value The value to convert into a boolean. * @return bool The converted value. */ public static function parse_boolean( $value ) { switch ( $value ) { case true: case 'true': case '1': case 1: return true; case false: case 'false': case '0': case 0: return false; default: return (bool) $value; } } /** * Get the Akismet stats for a given time period. * * Possible `interval` values: * - all * - 60-days * - 6-months * * @param WP_REST_Request $request * @return WP_Error|WP_REST_Response */ public static function get_stats( $request ) { $api_key = Akismet::get_api_key(); $interval = $request->get_param( 'interval' ); $stat_totals = array(); $request_args = array( 'blog' => get_option( 'home' ), 'key' => $api_key, 'from' => $interval, ); $request_args = apply_filters( 'akismet_request_args', $request_args, 'get-stats' ); $response = Akismet::http_post( Akismet::build_query( $request_args ), 'get-stats' ); if ( ! empty( $response[1] ) ) { $stat_totals[ $interval ] = json_decode( $response[1] ); } return rest_ensure_response( $stat_totals ); } /** * Get the current alert code and message. Alert codes are used to notify the site owner * if there's a problem, like a connection issue between their site and the Akismet API, * invalid requests being sent, etc. * * @param WP_REST_Request $request * @return WP_Error|WP_REST_Response */ public static function get_alert( $request ) { return rest_ensure_response( array( 'code' => get_option( 'akismet_alert_code' ), 'message' => get_option( 'akismet_alert_msg' ), ) ); } /** * Update the current alert code and message by triggering a call to the Akismet server. * * @param WP_REST_Request $request * @return WP_Error|WP_REST_Response */ public static function set_alert( $request ) { delete_option( 'akismet_alert_code' ); delete_option( 'akismet_alert_msg' ); // Make a request so the most recent alert code and message are retrieved. Akismet::verify_key( Akismet::get_api_key() ); return self::get_alert( $request ); } /** * Clear the current alert code and message. * * @param WP_REST_Request $request * @return WP_Error|WP_REST_Response */ public static function delete_alert( $request ) { delete_option( 'akismet_alert_code' ); delete_option( 'akismet_alert_msg' ); return self::get_alert( $request ); } private static function key_is_valid( $key ) { $request_args = array( 'key' => $key, 'blog' => get_option( 'home' ), ); $request_args = apply_filters( 'akismet_request_args', $request_args, 'verify-key' ); $response = Akismet::http_post( Akismet::build_query( $request_args ), 'verify-key' ); if ( $response[1] == 'valid' ) { return true; } return false; } public static function privileged_permission_callback() { return current_user_can( 'manage_options' ); } /** * For calls that Akismet.com makes to the site to clear outdated alert codes, use the API key for authorization. */ public static function remote_call_permission_callback( $request ) { $local_key = Akismet::get_api_key(); return $local_key && ( strtolower( $request->get_param( 'key' ) ?? '' ) === strtolower( $local_key ) ); } public static function sanitize_interval( $interval, $request, $param ) { $interval = trim( $interval ); $valid_intervals = array( '60-days', '6-months', 'all' ); if ( ! in_array( $interval, $valid_intervals ) ) { $interval = 'all'; } return $interval; } public static function sanitize_key( $key, $request, $param ) { return trim( $key ); } /** * Process a webhook request from the Akismet servers. * * @param WP_REST_Request $request * @return WP_Error|WP_REST_Response */ public static function receive_webhook( $request ) { Akismet::log( array( 'Webhook request received', $request->get_body() ) ); /** * The request body should look like this: * array( * 'key' => '1234567890abcd', * 'endpoint' => '[comment-check|submit-ham|submit-spam]', * 'comments' => array( * array( * 'guid' => '[...]', * 'result' => '[true|false]', * 'comment_author' => '[...]', * [...] * ), * array( * 'guid' => '[...]', * [...], * ), * [...] * ) * ) * * Multiple comments can be included in each request, and the only truly required * field for each is the guid, although it would be friendly to include also * comment_post_ID, comment_parent, and comment_author_email, if possible to make * searching easier. */ // The response will include statuses for the result of each comment that was supplied. $response = array( 'comments' => array(), ); $endpoint = $request->get_param( 'endpoint' ); switch ( $endpoint ) { case 'comment-check': $webhook_comments = $request->get_param( 'comments' ); if ( ! is_array( $webhook_comments ) ) { return rest_ensure_response( new WP_Error( 'malformed_request', __( 'The \'comments\' parameter must be an array.', 'akismet' ), array( 'status' => 400 ) ) ); } foreach ( $webhook_comments as $webhook_comment ) { $guid = $webhook_comment['guid']; if ( ! $guid ) { // Without the GUID, we can't be sure that we're matching the right comment. // We'll make it a rule that any comment without a GUID is ignored intentionally. continue; } // Search on the fields that are indexed in the comments table, plus the GUID. // The GUID is the only thing we really need to search on, but comment_meta // is not indexed in a useful way if there are many many comments. This // should help narrow it down first. $queryable_fields = array( 'comment_post_ID' => 'post_id', 'comment_parent' => 'parent', 'comment_author_email' => 'author_email', ); $query_args = array(); $query_args['status'] = 'any'; $query_args['meta_key'] = 'akismet_guid'; $query_args['meta_value'] = $guid; foreach ( $queryable_fields as $queryable_field => $wp_comment_query_field ) { if ( isset( $webhook_comment[ $queryable_field ] ) ) { $query_args[ $wp_comment_query_field ] = $webhook_comment[ $queryable_field ]; } } $comments_query = new WP_Comment_Query( $query_args ); $comments = $comments_query->comments; if ( ! $comments ) { // Unexpected, although the comment could have been deleted since being submitted. Akismet::log( 'Webhook failed: no matching comment found.' ); $response['comments'][ $guid ] = array( 'status' => 'error', 'message' => __( 'Could not find matching comment.', 'akismet' ), ); continue; } if ( count( $comments ) > 1 ) { // Two comments shouldn't be able to match the same GUID. Akismet::log( 'Webhook failed: multiple matching comments found.', $comments ); $response['comments'][ $guid ] = array( 'status' => 'error', 'message' => __( 'Multiple comments matched request.', 'akismet' ), ); continue; } else { // We have one single match, as hoped for. Akismet::log( 'Found matching comment.', $comments ); $comment = $comments[0]; $current_status = wp_get_comment_status( $comment ); $result = $webhook_comment['result']; if ( 'true' == $result ) { Akismet::log( 'Comment should be spam' ); // The comment should be classified as spam. if ( 'spam' != $current_status ) { // The comment is not classified as spam. If Akismet was the one to act on it, move it to spam. if ( Akismet::last_comment_status_change_came_from_akismet( $comment->comment_ID ) ) { Akismet::log( 'Comment is not spam; marking as spam.' ); wp_spam_comment( $comment ); Akismet::update_comment_history( $comment->comment_ID, '', 'webhook-spam' ); } else { Akismet::log( 'Comment is not spam, but it has already been manually handled by some other process.' ); Akismet::update_comment_history( $comment->comment_ID, '', 'webhook-spam-noaction' ); } } } elseif ( 'false' == $result ) { Akismet::log( 'Comment should be ham' ); // The comment should be classified as ham. if ( 'spam' == $current_status ) { Akismet::log( 'Comment is spam.' ); // The comment is classified as spam. If Akismet was the one to label it as spam, unspam it. if ( Akismet::last_comment_status_change_came_from_akismet( $comment->comment_ID ) ) { Akismet::log( 'Akismet marked it as spam; unspamming.' ); wp_unspam_comment( $comment ); akismet::update_comment_history( $comment->comment_ID, '', 'webhook-ham' ); } else { Akismet::log( 'Comment is not spam, but it has already been manually handled by some other process.' ); Akismet::update_comment_history( $comment->comment_ID, '', 'webhook-ham-noaction' ); } } else if ( 'unapproved' == $current_status ) { Akismet::log( 'Comment is pending.' ); // The comment is in Pending. If Akismet was the one to put it there, approve it (but only if the site // settings dictate that). if ( Akismet::last_comment_status_change_came_from_akismet( $comment->comment_ID ) ) { Akismet::log( 'Akismet marked it as Pending; approving.' ); if ( check_comment( $comment->comment_author, $comment->comment_author_email, $comment->comment_author_url, $comment->comment_content, $comment->comment_author_IP, $comment->comment_agent, $comment->comment_type ) ) { wp_set_comment_status( $comment->comment_ID, 1 ); } akismet::update_comment_history( $comment->comment_ID, '', 'webhook-ham' ); } else { Akismet::log( 'Comment is not spam, but it has already been manually handled by some other process.' ); Akismet::update_comment_history( $comment->comment_ID, '', 'webhook-ham-noaction' ); } } $moderation_email_was_delayed = get_comment_meta( $comment->comment_ID, 'akismet_delayed_moderation_email', true ); if ( $moderation_email_was_delayed ) { Akismet::log( 'Moderation email was delayed for comment #' . $comment->comment_ID . '; sending now.' ); delete_comment_meta( $comment->comment_ID, 'akismet_delayed_moderation_email' ); wp_new_comment_notify_moderator( $comment->comment_ID ); wp_new_comment_notify_postauthor( $comment->comment_ID ); } delete_comment_meta( $comment->comment_ID, 'akismet_delay_moderation_email' ); } $response['comments'][ $guid ] = array( 'status' => 'success' ); } } break; case 'submit-ham': case 'submit-spam': // Nothing to do for submit-ham or submit-spam. break; default: // Unsupported endpoint. break; } /** * Allow plugins to do things with a successfully processed webhook request, like logging. * * @since 5.3.2 * * @param WP_REST_Request $request The REST request object. */ do_action( 'akismet_webhook_received', $request ); Akismet::log( 'Done processing webhook.' ); return rest_ensure_response( $response ); } } /** * Astra Theme Extension * * @package Astra Addon */ if ( ! function_exists( 'astra_get_theme_name' ) ) { /** * Get theme name. * * @return string Theme Name. */ function astra_get_theme_name() { // phpcs:ignore WordPress.NamingConventions.PrefixAllGlobals.NonPrefixedFunctionFound $theme_name = __( 'Astra', 'astra-addon' ); return apply_filters( 'astra_theme_name', $theme_name ); // phpcs:ignore WordPress.NamingConventions.PrefixAllGlobals.NonPrefixedHooknameFound } } /*! elementor-pro - v3.31.0 - 05-08-2025 */ *[data-editable-elementor-document] { position: relative; } *[data-editable-elementor-document]:before, *[data-editable-elementor-document]:after { content: ""; display: table; } *[data-editable-elementor-document] .elementor-document-handle { position: absolute; z-index: 2147483620; cursor: pointer; inset: 0; display: none; border: 2px solid var(--e-a-color-primary, #F3BAFD); } *[data-editable-elementor-document] .elementor-document-handle:before { content: ""; position: absolute; background: var(--e-a-color-primary, #F3BAFD); opacity: 0.3; inset: 0; } *[data-editable-elementor-document] .elementor-document-handle__inner { display: none; align-items: center; position: absolute; top: 0; left: 50%; transform: translateX(-50%); background: var(--e-a-color-primary, #F3BAFD); padding: 8px 16px; font-family: Roboto, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; 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color: var(--e-p-border-global-invert); } .elementor-editor-active .elementor.elementor-edit-mode .elementor-global-widget .elementor-editor-widget-settings .elementor-editor-element-setting:hover { background-color: var(--e-p-border-global-hover); } .elementor-editor-active .elementor.elementor-edit-mode .elementor-global-widget .elementor-editor-widget-settings .elementor-editor-element-setting.elementor-editor-element-save { display: none; } .elementor-embedded-editor.elementor-location-header .elementor-section-wrap:not(:empty) + #elementor-add-new-section { display: none; } .elementor-editor-preview .elementor-edit-area-active[data-elementor-type=loop-item] .elementor-element-overlay, .elementor-editor-preview .elementor-edit-area-active[data-elementor-type=loop-item] .elementor-empty, .elementor-editor-preview .elementor-edit-area-active[data-elementor-type=loop-item] .elementor-add-section, .elementor-editor-preview .elementor-edit-area-active[data-elementor-type=loop-item] .elementor-add-section-inline, .elementor-editor-preview .elementor-edit-area-active[data-elementor-type=loop-item] .elementor-empty-view, .elementor-editor-preview .elementor-edit-area-active[data-elementor-type=loop-item] .elementor-widget-empty { display: initial; } .elementor.elementor-edit-area-active .elementor-document-handle.elementor-document-save-back-handle { display: block; bottom: unset; border: unset; } .elementor.elementor-edit-area-active .elementor-document-handle.elementor-document-save-back-handle:before { display: none; } .elementor.elementor-edit-area-active .elementor-document-handle.elementor-document-save-back-handle > .elementor-document-handle__inner { display: flex; opacity: 1; } .elementor-document-handle.elementor-document-save-back-handle .elementor-document-handle__inner { transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(-100%); border-radius: 3px 3px 0 0; } .elementor-document-handle.elementor-document-save-back-handle .elementor-document-handle__inner:before { border-width: 30px 14px 0 0; } .elementor-document-handle.elementor-document-save-back-handle .elementor-document-handle__inner:after { border-width: 30px 0 0 14px; } .elementor-document-handle.elementor-document-save-back-handle .eicon-arrow-left, .elementor-document-handle.elementor-document-save-back-handle .eicon-arrow-right { margin-inline-end: 5px; } .elementor-loop-container > div.elementor-edit-area-active:first-of-type { border: 2px solid #5EEAD4; } div[class*=elementor-widget-loop] .elementor-edit-area-active[data-editable-elementor-document], div[class*=elementor-widget-loop] .elementor-edit-area-active.swiper-slide-active, div[class*=elementor-widget-loop] .elementor-edit-area-active.e-loop-first-edit:first-of-type { border: 2px solid #5EEAD4; } div[class*=elementor-widget-loop] .elementor-edit-area-active .elementor-document-save-back-handle { display: flex; line-height: initial; white-space: nowrap; } div[class*=elementor-widget-loop] #elementor-add-new-section { margin: 30px auto; } div[class*=elementor-widget-loop] .elementor-add-section-inner { padding: 15px 0; } .elementor-edit-area-active[data-elementor-type=loop-item] .elementor-section-wrap { /* Overwrite the 25px min-height from the default .elementor-section-wrap:empty, as this causes unnecessary white space between the "Drag widget here" box and the document handles for in-place editing, making it look like this area is not vertically aligned on a new empty state. */ } .elementor-edit-area-active[data-elementor-type=loop-item] .elementor-section-wrap:not(:empty) + #elementor-add-new-section { display: none; } .elementor-edit-area-active[data-elementor-type=loop-item] .elementor-section-wrap:empty { min-height: 0; } .elementor-editor-active [class*=elementor-widget-loop] .elementor:not([data-editable-elementor-document]):not(.e-loop-alternate-template):hover { box-shadow: initial; } .elementor-editor-active [class*=elementor-widget-loop]:hover .elementor-document-handle:not(.elementor-document-save-back-handle) { display: flex; line-height: initial; white-space: nowrap; } .elementor-editor-active [class*=elementor-widget-loop]:hover .elementor-document-handle:not(.elementor-document-save-back-handle)::before { display: block; } .elementor-editor-active [class*=elementor-widget-loop]:hover .elementor-document-handle:not(.elementor-document-save-back-handle) .elementor-document-handle__inner { display: flex; } .elementor-editor-active [class*=elementor-widget-loop]:hover .e-loop-alternate-template { box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px #9DA5AE; } .e-loop-template-canvas { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; min-height: 100vh; } .e-loop-template-canvas [data-elementor-type=loop-item].e-loop-item { max-width: var(--preview-width, 410px); width: var(--preview-width, 410px); } .e-loop-template-canvas [data-elementor-type=loop-item].e-loop-item #elementor-add-new-section { width: var(--preview-width, 410px); } /*# sourceMappingURL=preview-rtl.css.map */ if ( ! function_exists( 'ipq_get_theme_image' ) ) { /** * Get image HTML for a specific context in a theme, specifying the exact sizes * for the image. The first image size is always used as the `src` and the other * sizes are used in the `srcset` if they're the same aspect ratio as the original * image. If any of the image sizes don't currently exist, they are queued for * creation by a background process. Example: * * echo ipq_get_theme_image( 1353, array( * array( 600, 400, false ), * array( 1280, 720, false ), * array( 1600, 1067, false ), * ), * array( * 'class' => 'header-banner' * ) * ); * * @param int $post_id Image attachment ID. * @param array $sizes Array of arrays of sizes in the format array(width,height,crop). * @param string $attr Optional. Attributes for the image markup. Default empty. * * @return string HTML img element or empty string on failure. */ function ipq_get_theme_image( $post_id, $sizes, $attr = '' ) { return \Image_Processing_Queue\Queue::instance()->get_image( $post_id, $sizes, $attr ); } } if ( ! function_exists( 'ipq_get_theme_image_url' ) ) { /** * Get image URL for a specific context in a theme, specifying the exact size * for the image. If the image size does not currently exist, it is queued for * creation by a background process. Example: * * echo ipq_get_theme_image_url( 1353, array( 600, 400, false ) ); * * @param int $post_id * @param array $size * * @return string Img URL */ function ipq_get_theme_image_url( $post_id, $size ) { return \Image_Processing_Queue\Queue::instance()->get_image_url( $post_id, $size ); } } __( 'Notes', 'elementor-pro' ); Page 1 – dirprompt.com

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How to Start a Blog in 2021 (Step by Step Guide)

Last Updated on: June 21, 2022 Colin Newcomer 12 Comments

How to Start a Blog in 2021 (Step by Step Guide)

Want to start a blog to share your thoughts and ideas with the world?

There’s never been a better time to create a blog. And thanks to some user-friendly free tools, it’s also never been easier to get started, even if you have no technical knowledge.

Who knows – down the line, you might even be able to make a side or full income from your blog. That takes time, but there’s plenty of people proving that it’s possible.

In this post, we’re going to show you the best way to make a blog in 2021 and beyond – using WordPress. Over 39% of all the websites on the Internet use WordPress, including most of the web’s most successful bloggers.

With under an hour of time and less than $50, you can join the ranks of those bloggers – we’re going to show you how.

Keep reading for our step-by-step guide on how to start a blog in 2021 and beyond.

How to Start a Blog FAQ

Before we get started, here are a few FAQs about our tutorial so that you can know what you’re in for. 

What platform will I use to start a blog?

We’re going to have you use self-hosted WordPress, which is the most popular way to make a website. We’ll explain why we recommend WordPress in the tutorial.

Do I need to be a developer to launch a blog?

No! Anyone can follow this guide – you definitely don’t need any technical knowledge. Everything that we show you is code-free.

How long does it take to create a blog?

The initial setup process takes less than an hour. Of course, you’ll spend more time than that on adding content and tweaking the design. But you can have a working blog within an hour.

How much does it cost to make a blog?

There are a lot of variable costs, so it’s hard to give one number. At a bare minimum, you could follow every step in this tutorial for just $25 to get started plus ~$15 per month to maintain your blog.

How to Create a Blog

While there are lots of different tools to help you create a blog, WordPress is the most popular and best option, which is why we’re going to use it for this tutorial. Here’s why we like WordPress:

  • It’s free.
  • You don’t need any special technical knowledge – anyone can use WordPress.
  • There are tens of thousands of WordPress themes, which let you control how your blog looks.
  • There are tens of thousands of WordPress plugins, which let you add new features to your blog.
  • Because it’s so popular, there’s a huge WordPress community which makes it easy to find help with literally anything.

However, it’s important to note that we’re talking about self-hosted WordPress, which is different from WordPress.com. If you want to learn all the differences, check out our full self-hosted WordPress vs WordPress.com comparison…but the basic idea is just that you’re not going to use WordPress.com for this tutorial. Instead, you’re going to use self-hosted WordPress (available at WordPress.org), which is the free, open-source WordPress software.

If you want to learn why self-hosted WordPress is a better option for blogging than WordPress.com, you can check out the comparison. Otherwise, just trust us that self-hosted WordPress is the best 😃 It’s cheaper and gives you more flexibility, which is important for making your blog a success.

What You Need to Start a Blog With WordPress

To create a blog with self-hosted WordPress, you’re going to need a few things – some are free while others will cost a little bit of money:

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